- Will a care home take the whole pension?
- Not in a DPS or a ZOL. A DPS resident hands over at most 70% of their income; in a ZOL it is at most 70% and never more than PLN 4,946. The remaining 30% stays with the senior and is protected by statute. A private facility works differently: there you pay the full list price, so the pension usually goes in entirely and the family tops up the rest.
- Can the MOPS make me contribute towards my parent's stay?
- Only for a DPS, and only above the threshold. Art. 61 of the Social Assistance Act sets the order: the resident, then the spouse, then descendants before ascendants, and the gmina last. A relative contributes only out of income above PLN 2,469 per person in their household, and may not fall below that line after paying. For an NFZ-funded ZOL no such obligation exists at all.
- What is the real difference between a ZOL and a DPS?
- A ZOL is a health service, a DPS is a social assistance service. A doctor refers you to a ZOL, a Barthel score of 40 points or fewer is required, the stay is time-limited and the NFZ pays for treatment, nursing and medication. The gmina refers you to a DPS after a home assessment, the stay is open-ended, but relatives can be called on to contribute. The monthly figure out of the senior's pocket works out very similarly - the real difference is who else pays and how long you can stay.
- What if the pension does not cover the cost?
- That is entirely normal and it is not an obstacle to admission. In a DPS the gmina covers the difference between the full cost of upkeep and what the resident and any liable relatives paid. A low income does not close the door to a public placement.
- Do the care supplement and the supplementary benefit count as income?
- The care supplement does, because it is part of the benefit paid out. The supplementary benefit for people unable to live independently is more tangled: the legislator excluded it from the income of liable relatives for DPS charges, but made no such exclusion for ZOL charges. If the senior receives it, ask the MOPS or the facility for the calculation in writing.
- Can you apply to be released from the charge?
- Yes, for a DPS. Art. 64 of the Social Assistance Act allows a full or partial waiver on application. The grounds include long-term illness, disability, unemployment, a death in the family, relatives living off a single benefit, and cases where the resident themselves seriously failed in their family duties towards the person now being charged. The waiver is not automatic - you have to apply for it and document it.